Geometry · Virginia SOL released test, spring 2015 · one-on-one

The plan

Forty-five released questions, three reporting categories, one student, one hour at a time. This page is the map. The sessions are separate pages; Day 1 is built and the rest follow the same shape.

How to read this

Moves, not items. The 45 questions collapse into 14 moves. A move is one thing the student has to be able to do; the test asks it two to six ways. Teach the move, then let the items show the shape repeating.

The order is the order things feed each other. Reasoning feeds Triangles feeds Polygons/Circles/Solids. When a late item is missed, the plan says which earlier move to go back to, and that is where you go — not to more of the same item.

Every session has the same five-part shape (at the bottom of this page) and every problem has the same three doors: a nudge that is a question, the bare answer, and the work one step at a time. The tutor layer on each session page carries the answer key, what each wrong choice means, and the check for that item.

Tomorrow — Day 1 · The grammar

Conditional statements: hypothesis and conclusion, the converse and its relatives, what follows from what, and one symbolic argument. It is the root of the whole test — every theorem is an if-then — and it needs no arithmetic, so the first hour is about thinking rather than about calculation. It also carries a three-question placement so the month starts from the right place.

  • 0:00Placement. #2 (slope of a parallel line), #24 (right-triangle sides), #32 (cone scaled ×3). One per category. Nothing explained, nothing marked. The tutor layer records what each wrong answer means.
  • 0:08The map. Three parts, why the order matters, why we start at the root.
  • 0:12If, then. Hypothesis and conclusion; the converse; a counterexample (5, 5, 8); inverse and contrapositive; which relative agrees with the original. Three inline checks.
  • 0:20Worked in five moves — #8, the converse. Fully worked: duplicate, transcribe, rearrange, collapse, meaning.
  • 0:32Faded — #1, the Venn diagram. Same control in pictures; the middle two moves are left for the student to fill.
  • 0:42Bare — #6, the logical conclusion. Then a solution that goes wrong: the student finds the step that breaks.
  • 0:50Build the argument — #3, the drag-and-drop. p → ~q, q, ∴ ~p.
  • 0:57Close. What the hour meant, in one rule. Seed: say the converse of the parallel-lines theorem out loud.

Open the Day 1 console. Press Start when the hour begins, T for your layer, Notes to take notes as you go, Summary at the end to copy the record.

Next week

Three sessions finish the first category and open the second. If you meet fewer than three times, take them in order and let the fourth week absorb the slip; the order matters more than the calendar.

Day 2Reasoning · Lines
Parallel lines and the transversal
The converse from Day 1, now with a theorem in it. Corresponding, alternate interior, same-side interior; which angle pairs prove parallel (the converse direction, #5 and #11); solving for x through a triangle (#12, #15). Placement result on #2 decides whether slopes join this day or wait.
#5 · #11 · #12 · #15  ·  mother: Day 1
Day 3Reasoning · Transformations
Slopes, reflections, symmetry
Slope as rise over run; parallel keeps it, perpendicular flips and negates it (#2, #9). Reflection across an axis as a rule on coordinates (#14). Lines of symmetry as a test you can perform, not a fact you remember (#7). Congruent segments by distance (#13).
#2 · #9 · #14 · #7 · #13  ·  mother: Day 1 (the "flip" is a rearrangement) · Day 2 for perpendicular
Day 4Reasoning · Constructions → Triangles
Constructions, then the first triangle move
Twenty minutes on reading a construction from its arcs (#4, #10) — a small move, done once. Then Triangles begins: congruence by sides and angles, and solving for the unknowns that make two triangles congruent (#16, #19, #25).
#4 · #10 · #16 · #19 · #25  ·  mother: Day 2 (angles), Day 3 (coordinates)

The four-week form

Three sessions a week is the assumption; the shape survives two. Each week ends with the student re-doing the placement's three items plus three new ones, so the month has four measurements, not one.

Week 1 · Reasoning, Lines, and Transformations items 1–15
Days 1–3
The grammar → parallel lines → slopes, reflections, symmetry. By the end of the week the student can read any theorem as an if-then and can tell the statement from its converse in words, in symbols and in a picture.
Week 2 · Triangles items 16–28
Days 4–6
Constructions and congruence → similarity and proportion (#17, #20, #27) → the right triangle: Pythagorean, special right triangles, and the three trig ratios (#18, #21, #24, #28). Angle–side order and the triangle inequality (#22, #23, #26) ride along on Day 6. This is the week that feeds Week 3: every scale-model, chord and volume-ratio item is a proportion in a coat.
Week 3 · Polygons, Circles, and Three-Dimensional Figures items 29–45
Days 7–9
Polygon and quadrilateral properties (#29, #30, #36, #38, #43) → circles: chords, equations, arcs and sectors (#31, #33, #34, #37, #41, #42) → solids: surface area, volume, and the scaling rule length × area² × volume³ (#32, #35, #39, #40, #44, #45). The Washington Monument (#45) closes the week because it is the whole month in one item.
Week 4 · The test as a whole
Days 10–12
Day 10: the full 45 under time, no doors open. Day 11: treat the mother — every miss is traced back on the map below to the move that feeds it, and that move is re-done with new numbers. Day 12: a second full run, and the record from Day 1 next to the record from Day 12.

Fading runs across the month as well as within a session: Week 1 problems are worked in full; by Week 3 the five moves are a strip the student fills in themselves; by Week 4 the strip is gone.

How the moves feed each other

Mother on the left, child on the right. When a child is weak, the plan sends you to the mother.

Conditionals → Parallel lines → Congruence → Similarity → Scaling (solids, models)
Conditionals → Angle–side order · triangle inequality → Polygon angle sums
Slopes · coordinates → Congruence on the grid → Circle equations · distance
Pythagorean → Special right triangles · trig → Chords · sectors · surface area
Parallel lines → Quadrilateral properties

The check that comes before the answer (the ke of each move) is on the session page, in the tutor layer, one line per item. The commonest across the whole test: a reversed statement is a new statement; true is not follows; the largest side is the hypotenuse; what dimension is this quantity?; a model's number cannot equal the real-world number.

Item → move map

All forty-five, with the key. 001 Reasoning, Lines, and Transformations · 002 Triangles · 003 Polygons, Circles, and Three-Dimensional Figures.

#MoveWhat it asksKeyDay
1ConditionalsVenn diagram for "if equilateral then isosceles"B1
2Slopes ∥ ⊥slope of a line parallel to j through (−4,−4),(3,−1)A · 3/73
3Conditionalssymbolise the argument (drag-and-drop)p→~q · q · ∴~p1
4Constructionswhich construction the arcs showB · copy an angle4
5Parallel lineswhich diagram proves both pairs parallel (converse)B2
6Conditionalslogical conclusion (rhombus, parallelogram)A1
7Symmetryfigure with exactly two lines of symmetryB3
8Conditionalsthe converseB1
9Slopes ∥ ⊥graph of a line perpendicular to kD3
10Constructionsconstruction on a rectangle (perpendicular through a point)D4
11Parallel linesfour congruent 89.9° angles — which pair must be parallelA · only m ∥ n2
12Parallel linesx that proves JK ∥ MN (61 + 39 + 3x + 5 = 180)252
13Coordinatessegment congruent to MP by distanceD · TV3
14Transformationsreflect over x then y: A(1,4) → A′C · (−1,−4)3
15Parallel lineswalkway: 180 − 132 = 48, then 90 − 48A · 422
16Congruencecoordinates of a triangle congruent to KLM (legs 3, 4)C4
17Similaritytwo relationships for SAS similarity (select two)∠A≅∠Q · AB/QR = AC/QS5
18Special right △square with diagonal 14 → sideA · 7√26
19Congruencex, y making MNO ≅ PRT (3x − 9 = 24; 1.5y = 41.4)B · 11, 27.64
20Similaritywhich figure contains similar triangles (AA)A5
21Trigangle from legs 7.8 and 8 (tan)C · 45.7°6
22Angle–sidestreets longest → shortest from 54°, 64°, (62°)C · Rector, Pine, Taylor6
23Triangle inequalitypossible d given 84 and 63C · 21 < d < 1476
24Pythagoreanthree sides of a right triangle from 17, 20, 21, 2920, 21 · 296
25Congruenceisosceles: 2x − 26 = x + 16, then base angleC · 61°4
26Angle–sideangles smallest → largest from sides 14, 10, 16∠R, ∠T, ∠S6
27Similarityside set similar to 3, 4, 5D · 9, 12, 155
28Trigx = 15 sin 22°D · 5.66
29Polygon anglesinterior angle sum of a pentagonB · 540°7
30Quadrilateralsrectangle with a diagonal: 62° and (2x + 4)°A · 127
31Circles · chords2(3x − 2) = 5x → x = 4 → KZD · 128
32Scalingcone with height and radius ×3 → volume ×279
33Circles · equationradius from centre (1,3) to (4,7)B · 58
34Circles · sectors80° sector of radius 13A · 118 sq ft8
35Volumecylinder h = 9.5, d = 11B · 287π9
36Quadrilateralsdiagonals are perpendicular bisectors → which shapeC · rhombus7
37Circles · equationbuild the equation: centre (4, −7), r = 4(x−4)² + (y+7)² = 4²8
38Polygon anglesquilt: 90 + 120 + (2x + 30) + x = 360, then 180 − xB · 140°7
39Surface areaprism 24 × 18 × 12C · 1,8729
40Scalingvolumes 1:8 → radiiD · 1:29
41Circles · arcsarc of 108° on radius 10D · 18.8 cm8
42Circles · equationpoint on (x−1)² + (y−3)² = 7²D · (8, 3)8
43Quadrilateralsdiagonals of a square (select all)⊥ · bisect · ≅7
44Volumesphere r = 2C · 33.59
45ScalingWashington Monument model, 505 mm for 555.5 ftB · 50 mm9

The key column is the Virginia Department of Education's released answer key, not ours. One caution for #30: the figure's (2x + 4)° label sits close to two different angles; the key's answer of 12 treats it as the angle between the diagonal and the vertical side, so the two acute angles of the right triangle are complementary (62 + 28 = 90). Read that one with the student rather than at them.

The shape of one session

Every hour has the same five parts, and every problem the same five moves. The names are the ones this project already uses; the geometry is the first thing outside chemistry to be put through them, and the fit is being watched.

  • 0–8Measure first. Two or three questions, no teaching, no marking. The tutor layer records. (Day 1's is the placement; later days re-use a miss from the last session.)
  • 8–12Where we are on the map. One minute on what feeds today and what today feeds.
  • 12–45The move, faded. One item worked fully in five moves — duplicate the figure, transcribe it to symbols, rearrange, collapse to the one relation that decides it, say what the number means. Then one item with the middle missing. Then one bare.
  • 45–55A solution that goes wrong. A wrong worked answer, and the student finds the step that breaks. (Booth et al.: explaining a wrong step teaches more than being shown the right one.)
  • 55–60Close and seed. The hour in one rule; the next hour's theorem said aloud before leaving.

Three doors under every problem, all closed until opened: Nudge (a question, never the answer), Check my answer (the answer alone), The work, one step at a time. The tutor layer (press T on a session page) adds the key, what each wrong choice means, the check for that item, where to go if it is missed, and a mark satisfied button for when it was said aloud and typing it would only slow things down.